Important Notice from Bravo Me

Lecture 1
Before studying microbial physiology, you should be familiar with the general concepts, structure, and functions of cells, as well as comparisons between different classes of cells. I will next discuss the other essential chemical elements that microbial cells require and their functions and roles in the cell. Finally, I will explain different types of structures, particularly in eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic cells, and compare them, including their functions.

Lecture 2
In this lecture, I will continue explaining the cell structure and function of the cell wall in different classes of cells. We will study the eukaryote, lower classes, and prokaryotic cells, which have different structures, particularly on the cell wall, and then we will study their structure, chemical compositions, and functions.

Lecture 3
In this lecture, I will compare the gram-positive and negative bacteria in special structures, as well as their chemical composition and functions that they provide to the bacterial cell. I will then explain the common component that both of them have, as well as how to do the popular staining for the bacteria to differentiate the gram-negative and positive bacteria in general and to recognize the different kinds of bacteria that require special staining due to the different cell wall structures.

Lecture 4
In this lecture, we will identify the additional structures that are commonly found in bacteria, along with the structures and functions that are important for the characteristics of bacterial growth and important in medical studies, as well as increasing the virulence properties in pathogenic bacteria. We will then study locomotion in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, and also their structures, the types of movements they provide, as well as other appendages that are only found in bacteria.

Lecture 5
After studying/reviewing the common structures found in bacterial cells, we will be able to understand microbial metabolism and how it breaks down nutrients, particularly carbohydrates, which are important as an energy source for all microorganisms. To extract the energy required for bioactivities inside the cells, we will study different types of mechanisms to obtain energy from glucose in different types of bacteria, such as aerobatic bacteria, facultative bacteria, and anaerobic bacteria.

Lecture 6
A lecture discusses how bacterial cells adapt and respond to various stresses that may affect microbial growth. Common stresses include changes in temperature, pH, osmotic pressure, the level of oxidation, starvation, the level of oxygen, and other inorganic components for cellular respiration by providing different mechanisms and gene expression to be able to resist and adapt to these conditions.

Lecture 7
A final lecture discusses microbial growth and the common asexual reproduction that only occurs in microorganisms, as well as how to measure the time of cell division in bacterial cells, which is known as the generation time, and how to measure the bacterial curve, which measures how long bacteria will go through different phases that are common in all bacteria. Following that, I will discuss several forms of artificial media and their applications in daily life, as well as how to provide various common conditions for optimal bacterial growth.

Midterm exam
هنا حيكون اسئلة اختبار نصفي و ملف مصطلحات و تعاريف من ليكتشر ١ الى ٣

Final exam
هنا حيكون اسئلة اختبار نهائي و ملف مصطلحات و تعاريف من ليكتشر ٤ الى ٧

Laboratory section


Lecture 1 slides.pdf
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